EN 10028-2 Grade P235GH normalized or normalized formed (+N)

EN 10028-2 Grade P235GH normalized or normalized formed (+N) introduction

Heat-resistant non-alloy quality steel for application in steam boiler and pressure vessel construction.
Max. application temperature: approx. 400 °C

Equivalent material: GB Q245R, GB U50245, IS 2002 Grade 2, IS SPV450, IS SPV490, IS SGV410, IS SGV450, IS SGV480, GOST 15K, KS SPPV450, KS SPPV490, ASTM A285 Grade A, ASTM A285 Grade B, ASTM A414 Grade A, ASTM A414 Grade B, ASTM A515 Grade 55, UNS K01501, UNS K01700, UNS K02001, UNS K02200, UNS K02201, DIN P235GH, NBN D37-1, NBN D37-2, NBN E37-1, AFNOR A37-AP, AFNOR A37-CP, BS 161Gr.400, GOST 12K, IS P5, UNI Fe360-1KG, IS SPV24, ÖNORM HI, PN St36K, SS 1330, SS 1331, UNE A37RC1/RAII, ASTM Grade 65, DIN HI, IS P235GH, GOST 15К, DIN St35.8, DIN 1.0345, EN 1.0345, DIN St 35-8, DIN ASt 35, DIN StE 255, DIN H I, AFNOR A37CP, AFNOR A37AP, AFNOR A37, UNE A37RCI, UNI Fe360 KW, BS P235GH, BS 360, JIS SB410, JIS SGV410, JIS SPV235, JIS SPV24, JIS SPV410, JIS SPV450, JIS SPV490, GOST 12k, GB/T 20, ASTM Grade B, ASTM Grade Ib, IS Grade1

EN 10028-2 Grade P235GH normalized or normalized formed (+N) general

Property Temperature Value Condition Related Standards Shape
Density 20 °C Density of 7.8 g/cm³ normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
- 20 °C Density of 7.8 - 7.85 g/cm³ normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
- 20 °C Density of 7.85 g/cm³ normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat

EN 10028-2 Grade P235GH normalized or normalized formed (+N) thermal

Property Temperature Value Condition Related Standards Shape Comment
Coefficient of thermal expansion -100 °C Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.08e-05 1/K normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.19e-05 1/K normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.25e-05 1/K normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.3e-05 1/K normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.36e-05 1/K normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.41e-05 1/K normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 500 °C Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.45e-05 1/K normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 600 °C Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.49e-05 1/K normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
Max service temperature - Max service temperature of 20 - 400 °C normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Long
- - Max service temperature of 400 °C normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Long
- - Max service temperature of 500 °C - - - Typical for Carbon Steel
Melting point - Melting point of 1480 - 1526 °C - - - Typical for Low Carbon Steel
Specific heat capacity -100 °C Specific heat capacity of 423 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Specific heat capacity of 450 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Specific heat capacity of 450 - 461 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Specific heat capacity of 461 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Specific heat capacity of 479 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Specific heat capacity of 499 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Specific heat capacity of 517 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Specific heat capacity of 536 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 500 °C Specific heat capacity of 558 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 600 °C Specific heat capacity of 587 J/(kg·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
Thermal conductivity 20 °C Thermal conductivity of 46.8 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Thermal conductivity of 46.8 - 57.5 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Thermal conductivity of 57.5 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Thermal conductivity of 43 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Thermal conductivity of 43 - 55.7 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Thermal conductivity of 55.7 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Thermal conductivity of 40 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Thermal conductivity of 40 - 51.9 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Thermal conductivity of 51.9 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Thermal conductivity of 36 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Thermal conductivity of 36 - 47.6 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Thermal conductivity of 47.6 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Thermal conductivity of 32 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Thermal conductivity of 32 - 43.4 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Thermal conductivity of 43.4 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 500 °C Thermal conductivity of 29 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 500 °C Thermal conductivity of 29 - 39.6 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 500 °C Thermal conductivity of 39.6 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 600 °C Thermal conductivity of 36 W/(m·K) normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
Thermal diffusivity 20 °C Thermal diffusivity of 15.9 mm²/s normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Thermal diffusivity of 14.3 mm²/s normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Thermal diffusivity of 12.5 mm²/s normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Thermal diffusivity of 10.8 mm²/s normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Thermal diffusivity of 9.2 mm²/s normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 500 °C Thermal diffusivity of 7.6 mm²/s normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 600 °C Thermal diffusivity of 6.1 mm²/s normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -

EN 10028-2 Grade P235GH normalized or normalized formed (+N) chemical

Property Value Condition Related Standards Shape
Aluminium Aluminium of 0.02 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Carbon Carbon of 0.16 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Chromium Chromium of 0.3 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Copper Copper of 0.3 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Manganese Manganese of 0.6 - 1.2 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Molybdenum Molybdenum of 0.08 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Nickel Nickel of 0.3 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Niobium Niobium of 0.02 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Nitrogen Nitrogen of 0.012 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Phosphorus Phosphorus of 0.025 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Silicon Silicon of 0.35 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Sulfur Sulfur of 0.01 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
- Sulfur of 0.015 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Titanium Titanium of 0.03 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat
Vanadium Vanadium of 0.02 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat

EN 10028-2 Grade P235GH normalized or normalized formed (+N) magnetic

Property Value Comment
Curie temperature Curie temperature of 770 °C Typical for Low Carbon Steel

EN 10028-2 Grade P235GH normalized or normalized formed (+N) electrical

Property Temperature Value Condition Related Standards Shape Comment
Electrical conductivity - Electrical conductivity of 6 S/m - - - Predicted Value
Electrical resistivity 20 °C Electrical resistivity of 1.1e-07 Ω·m normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Electrical resistivity of 2.3e-07 Ω·m normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Electrical resistivity of 3.04e-07 Ω·m normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Electrical resistivity of 3.94e-07 Ω·m normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Electrical resistivity of 5.01e-07 Ω·m normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 500 °C Electrical resistivity of 6.25e-07 Ω·m normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 600 °C Electrical resistivity of 7.7e-07 Ω·m normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -

EN 10028-2 Grade P235GH normalized or normalized formed (+N) mechanical

Property Temperature Value Condition Related Standards Shape Comment
Elastic modulus -100 °C Elastic modulus of 217 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Elastic modulus of 210 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Elastic modulus of 210 - 212 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Elastic modulus of 212 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Elastic modulus of 205 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Elastic modulus of 205 - 207 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 100 °C Elastic modulus of 207 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Elastic modulus of 195 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Elastic modulus of 195 - 199 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 200 °C Elastic modulus of 199 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Elastic modulus of 185 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Elastic modulus of 185 - 192 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 300 °C Elastic modulus of 192 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Elastic modulus of 175 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Elastic modulus of 175 - 184 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 400 °C Elastic modulus of 184 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 500 °C Elastic modulus of 175 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 600 °C Elastic modulus of 164 GPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
Elongation - Elongation of 15.2 % - - - Predicted Value, A200
- - Elongation of 16.5 % - - - Predicted Value, A80
- - Elongation of 18.9 % - - - Predicted Value, A5
- - Elongation of 19.4 % - - - Predicted Value, A50
- - Elongation of 20.2 % - - - Predicted Value, A80 Transverse
- 20 °C Elongation of 24 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Elongation of 24 % normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
Hardness, Brinell - Hardness, Brinell of 245 [-] - - - Predicted Value, Transverse
Poisson's ratio 20 °C Poisson's ratio of 0.284 [-] normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
Reduction of area - Reduction of area of 41.4 % - - - Predicted Value
- - Reduction of area of 42.4 % - - - Predicted Value, Transverse
Shear modulus - Shear modulus of 82 GPa - - - Typical for Low Carbon Steel
Shear strength - Shear strength of 536 MPa - - - Predicted Value
Tensile strength 20 °C Tensile strength of 340 - 480 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Tensile strength of 340 - 480 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Tensile strength of 350 - 480 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Tensile strength of 350 - 480 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Tensile strength of 360 - 480 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Tensile strength of 360 - 480 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
Yield strength - Yield strength of 285.7 MPa - - - Predicted Value, RP1 Transverse
- - Yield strength of 295.4 MPa - - - Predicted Value, RP1
- - Yield strength of 359.7 MPa - - - Predicted Value, RP05
- - Yield strength of 413.1 MPa - - - Predicted Value, RP02 Transverse
- - Yield strength of 592.9 MPa - - - Predicted Value, RP002
- 20 °C Yield strength of 170 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Yield strength of 170 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Yield strength of 185 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Yield strength of 185 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Yield strength of 200 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Yield strength of 200 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Yield strength of 215 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Yield strength of 215 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Yield strength of 225 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Yield strength of 225 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 20 °C Yield strength of 235 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat Transverse
- 20 °C Yield strength of 235 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat -
- 50 °C Yield strength of 164 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 50 °C Yield strength of 179 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 50 °C Yield strength of 193 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 50 °C Yield strength of 208 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 50 °C Yield strength of 218 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 50 °C Yield strength of 227 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 100 °C Yield strength of 155 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 100 °C Yield strength of 168 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 100 °C Yield strength of 182 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 100 °C Yield strength of 196 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 100 °C Yield strength of 205 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 100 °C Yield strength of 214 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 150 °C Yield strength of 143 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 150 °C Yield strength of 156 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 150 °C Yield strength of 169 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 150 °C Yield strength of 181 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 150 °C Yield strength of 190 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 150 °C Yield strength of 198 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 200 °C Yield strength of 132 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 200 °C Yield strength of 143 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 200 °C Yield strength of 155 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 200 °C Yield strength of 167 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 200 °C Yield strength of 174 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 200 °C Yield strength of 182 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 250 °C Yield strength of 121 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 250 °C Yield strength of 131 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 250 °C Yield strength of 142 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 250 °C Yield strength of 153 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 250 °C Yield strength of 160 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 250 °C Yield strength of 167 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 300 °C Yield strength of 111 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 300 °C Yield strength of 121 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 300 °C Yield strength of 130 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 300 °C Yield strength of 140 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 300 °C Yield strength of 147 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 300 °C Yield strength of 153 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 350 °C Yield strength of 103 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 350 °C Yield strength of 112 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 350 °C Yield strength of 121 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 350 °C Yield strength of 130 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 350 °C Yield strength of 136 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 350 °C Yield strength of 142 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 400 °C Yield strength of 97 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 400 °C Yield strength of 105 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 400 °C Yield strength of 114 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 400 °C Yield strength of 122 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 400 °C Yield strength of 128 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02
- 400 °C Yield strength of 133 MPa normalized or normalized formed (+N) EN 10028-2 Flat RP02

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