EN 10263-4 Grade 28B2 annealed to achieve spheroidized carbides (+AC)
EN 10263-4 Grade 28B2 annealed to achieve spheroidized carbides (+AC) introduction
The cold-upsettable steel 28 B 2 can be cold-formed with a medium to high rate of forming according to the usual forming methods on single-stage and multi-stage presses. It is used for Phillips screws of strength class 8.8 in the thick and medium dimension range and for nuts of strength classes 8 and 10.
Equivalent material: ISO E4, DIN 1.5510, JIS SWRCHB226, JIS SWRCHB231, EN 28B2, EN 1.5510
EN 10263-4 Grade 28B2 annealed to achieve spheroidized carbides (+AC) general
| Property |
Temperature |
Value |
| Density |
20.0 °C |
Density of 7.82 g/cm³ |
EN 10263-4 Grade 28B2 annealed to achieve spheroidized carbides (+AC) thermal
| Property |
Temperature |
Value |
Comment |
| Coefficient of thermal expansion |
-100.0 °C |
Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.08E-5 1/K |
- |
| - |
20.0 °C |
Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.19E-5 1/K |
- |
| - |
100.0 °C |
Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.25E-5 1/K |
- |
| - |
200.0 °C |
Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.3E-5 1/K |
- |
| - |
300.0 °C |
Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.36E-5 1/K |
- |
| - |
400.0 °C |
Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.41E-5 1/K |
- |
| - |
500.0 °C |
Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.45E-5 1/K |
- |
| - |
600.0 °C |
Coefficient of thermal expansion of 1.49E-5 1/K |
- |
| Max service temperature |
- |
Max service temperature of 500 °C |
Typical for Carbon Steel |
| Melting point |
- |
Melting point of 1480 - 1526 °C |
Typical for Low Carbon Steel |
| Specific heat capacity |
-100.0 °C |
Specific heat capacity of 423 J/(kg·K) |
- |
| - |
20.0 °C |
Specific heat capacity of 461 J/(kg·K) |
- |
| - |
100.0 °C |
Specific heat capacity of 479 J/(kg·K) |
- |
| - |
200.0 °C |
Specific heat capacity of 499 J/(kg·K) |
- |
| - |
300.0 °C |
Specific heat capacity of 517 J/(kg·K) |
- |
| - |
400.0 °C |
Specific heat capacity of 536 J/(kg·K) |
- |
| - |
500.0 °C |
Specific heat capacity of 558 J/(kg·K) |
- |
| - |
600.0 °C |
Specific heat capacity of 587 J/(kg·K) |
- |
| Thermal conductivity |
20.0 °C |
Thermal conductivity of 48 W/(m·K) |
- |
| - |
100.0 °C |
Thermal conductivity of 48.9 W/(m·K) |
- |
| - |
200.0 °C |
Thermal conductivity of 47.5 W/(m·K) |
- |
| - |
300.0 °C |
Thermal conductivity of 44.7 W/(m·K) |
- |
| - |
400.0 °C |
Thermal conductivity of 41.6 W/(m·K) |
- |
| - |
500.0 °C |
Thermal conductivity of 38.6 W/(m·K) |
- |
| - |
600.0 °C |
Thermal conductivity of 35.5 W/(m·K) |
- |
| Thermal diffusivity |
20.0 °C |
Thermal diffusivity of 13.3 mm²/s |
- |
| - |
100.0 °C |
Thermal diffusivity of 12.6 mm²/s |
- |
| - |
200.0 °C |
Thermal diffusivity of 11.5 mm²/s |
- |
| - |
300.0 °C |
Thermal diffusivity of 10.2 mm²/s |
- |
| - |
400.0 °C |
Thermal diffusivity of 8.9 mm²/s |
- |
| - |
500.0 °C |
Thermal diffusivity of 7.5 mm²/s |
- |
| - |
600.0 °C |
Thermal diffusivity of 6 mm²/s |
- |
EN 10263-4 Grade 28B2 annealed to achieve spheroidized carbides (+AC) chemical
| Property |
Value |
| Boron |
Boron of 1E-3 - 5E-3 % |
| Carbon |
Carbon of 0.25 - 0.32 % |
| Manganese |
Manganese of 0.5 - 0.8 % |
| Phosphorus |
Phosphorus of 0.04 % |
| Silicon |
Silicon of 0.4 % |
| Sulfur |
Sulfur of 0.035 % |
EN 10263-4 Grade 28B2 annealed to achieve spheroidized carbides (+AC) magnetic
| Property |
Value |
Comment |
| Curie temperature |
Curie temperature of 770 °C |
Typical for Low Carbon Steel |
EN 10263-4 Grade 28B2 annealed to achieve spheroidized carbides (+AC) electrical
| Property |
Temperature |
Value |
| Electrical resistivity |
20.0 °C |
Electrical resistivity of 2.17E-7 Ω·m |
| - |
100.0 °C |
Electrical resistivity of 2.62E-7 Ω·m |
| - |
200.0 °C |
Electrical resistivity of 3.32E-7 Ω·m |
| - |
300.0 °C |
Electrical resistivity of 4.2E-7 Ω·m |
| - |
400.0 °C |
Electrical resistivity of 5.23E-7 Ω·m |
| - |
500.0 °C |
Electrical resistivity of 6.41E-7 Ω·m |
| - |
600.0 °C |
Electrical resistivity of 7.8E-7 Ω·m |
EN 10263-4 Grade 28B2 annealed to achieve spheroidized carbides (+AC) mechanical
| Property |
Temperature |
Value |
Comment |
| Elastic modulus |
-100.0 °C |
Elastic modulus of 217 GPa |
- |
| - |
20.0 °C |
Elastic modulus of 212 GPa |
- |
| - |
100.0 °C |
Elastic modulus of 207 GPa |
- |
| - |
200.0 °C |
Elastic modulus of 199 GPa |
- |
| - |
300.0 °C |
Elastic modulus of 192 GPa |
- |
| - |
400.0 °C |
Elastic modulus of 184 GPa |
- |
| - |
500.0 °C |
Elastic modulus of 175 GPa |
- |
| - |
600.0 °C |
Elastic modulus of 164 GPa |
- |
| Poisson's ratio |
23.0 °C |
Poisson's ratio of 0.29 [-] |
Typical for Low Carbon Steel |
| Reduction of area |
20.0 °C |
Reduction of area of 62 % |
- |
| Shear modulus |
23.0 °C |
Shear modulus of 82 GPa |
Typical for Low Carbon Steel |
| Tensile strength |
20.0 °C |
Tensile strength of 540 MPa |
- |
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